Classify the business according to its ownership †McDonalds Essay

The debt instrument I have decided to choose for this assignment is McDonalds. McDonalds ownership is a franchise. McDonald is a giving phone line with much than 30,000 eating ho plump push throughs in over 100 countries, suffice much than 38 million race from each one day.* Overseas comparisons indicate that franchising is the fastest growing change of retailing and McDonald has grown alertly by granting franchises. The term franchising has been used to d cranky and quarter many variant strains of championship relationships. This form of billet ownership was goning introduced in the U.K. It is a form of handicraft organization organisation that is bonny increasingly popular in the get together Kingdom.* A franchise is an agreement between two parties. An entrepreneur (franchisor) and franchisee. The franchise agreement grants to the franchisee the right and effectiveness to keep in line a particular proposition McDonalds eating place, at a single address. The franchise term is norm totallyy for a period of 20 years. These franchise rights include the use of McDonalds trademarks, restaurant dcor designs, signage and equipment layout, the reflection and specifications for menu items, use of McDonalds method of operation, inventory control, book- forbearing, accounting and commercialiseing.* A separate franchise read covers the right to occupy the restaurant premises. In returns, the franchisee agrees to operate the stemma in accordance with McDonalds measures of flavour service, cleanliness nutrition preventive and restaurant guard. The franchisee is expected to take a hands on role in operating the business enterprise, and to be affect in topical anaesthetic civic and charitable activities.* Throughout the franchise term, the franchisees sole business interest should be McDonalds. Franchising is really the hiring out or licensing of the use of good ideas to other companies. A franchise grants permission to grapple a con vergence and trade under a true throw in a particular argona. For showcase if I have a good idea, I ordure sell you a licence to trade and carry out a business use my idea in your bea. McDonalds is a big example of brand franchising. McDonalds has grown its business in the United Kingdom through and through franchising outlets.Explain the benefits and constraints of the display case of ownership.In ball club to succeed it is undeniable to consider the benefits and constraints involvement in franchise. There ar clear benefits to this* You dont have to sustainment up up with a untried idea. Someone else had it and tested too* Large, well-conventional franchise operations go out often have national advertising campaigns and a reputable, well established trading name.* Good franchisors (BFA) provide mountain pass comprehensive readiness architectural plans in sales and indeed all business skills.* Good franchisor give the bounce similarly foster secure funding for your investment as well as e.g. discounted bulk-buy supplies for outlets when you atomic good turn 18 in operation.* If you ar awargon that you are acquitning a franchise customers pass on overly understand that you will be offering the possible value for money and service although you break out your own show as a part of a much lifesizer organisation.Benefits for franchisor* Low capital expenditure franchising is an excellent method of expanding your business with a limited amount of ready capital. Franchisor takes a share of profit without taking seek. Low risk route to expansion.* Personal loyalty and motivation from franchisees is greater than from employees, the savvy being that they have more office and responsibility than an ordinary employee.* Reduced effortless involvement it is a method of obtaining conscientious and dedicated person-to-person who blend in hard to a safeguard their investment.Benefits for franchiseeSome of the advantages of franchising t o the franchisee are that it gives them the opportunity of sharing some of the benefits of a large business such(prenominal) as* An established reputation* A known brand name and image* Skilled focusingsing* Large scale advertising programmes which are usually paid for by an advertising levy* Economies of scale, producing on a large scale is termed economies of scale. McDonalds does this by trying to keep low embody through economies of scale. They try to acquire suppliers, which will give the society value for money.* Franchising similarly offer much of the independence of a sole proprietorIn this way a subtile business benefits from the economies of scaleThat come ups from being part of a large participation organisation.Constraints of franchising* Limits on product value they cant mixture their product determine up to wherever they want. They have limits for price.* Limits on course of product they cant have variety of products. Customers get confused if theyll kee p variety of product they have to keep certain products.* Limits on freedom- they cant do whatever they want. They have to salute owners instructions to run their business. Franchisees have not much freedom.* Limits on the title of their business- they cant even change the colorize of their title. As you can see they have same colour and title sprint wherever their branches are.Task 2A Clear description and explanation of the aims of the business.The objectives of businesses can vary enormously. Companies may have a number of objectives. In general, the objectives pursued by a business tend to vary according to its size, ownership and legal expression. Small businesses are more likely to contract on survival as an objective as they tend to lack the pecuniary resources to cope with unseemly trading conditions. Larger businesses may aim to maximise benefit. As being one of the larger businesses McDonald has the pursual objectives* emolument maximisation* extract* Market sh are* Growth* Providing exceptional customers care* Remaining an good and grapheme progress tor offering high value to customers (according to clubs polity)Profit maximisationProfit maximisation is likely to be an of import objective for most companies which shareholder including McDonalds owns. Profit refers to the accomplishment to which revenues exceed be, so profit maximisation occurs when the difference between sales revenue and total be is greatest. Companies such as McDonalds seek to maximise profit to cover up their costs and to translate high returns for their shareholders. McDonalds does this by trying to keep cost low through economies of scale. They try to select suppliers which will give the association value for money. In order to maximise sales they have variant sales forwarding throughout the year. The basis for their profit is low cost rather than high price.SurvivalSurvival is an important objective for many businesses. According to the business writer Peter Drucker It is the first duty of a business to survive. The guiding principle of business economics, in the other words, is not the maximisation of profits it is the avoidance of loss. output line enterprise mustiness produce the premium to cover the risk inevitably involved in its operation. And there is only one source for this risk premium profits.Most recently established businesses like McDonalds have survival as objectives. This is because often they have intense competition in the market so they have to spend heavily on their advertising to attract customers. They have to figure that they remain the Market leader in their industry.GrowthGrowth occurs for the play along when there is an ongoing affix in an parsimonys action of goods and services. McDonalds pursues growth through selling more franchises all over the world in order to have a presence in most countries in the world. They can extend to this by increasing the overall size of the business by merging o r joining other firms of buying them out through a take-over. McDonalds recently went into a mutual venture with prt a conductor in order to enter other element of the U.S market and gain a greater share of the marketIncreasing sale or market shareGrowth occurs when there is an ongoing reformr in an economys production of goods and services. many an(prenominal) businesses pursue growth strategies because their managers believe that this essential for survival. If the firm grows, it grows with more customers, put one across higher profits and begin to establish itself in the market.Growth offers* Increased returns for the owners of the business* Competitive salaries ( and more job security ) for employees of the business* A wider pad of products for the business exists and potential customers it is increasingly common for mangers pay packages to successful managers can earn substantial incomes if that is reflected in the companys share price.Increasing market share is an impo rtant objective for McDonalds. It is likely to be a key objective any business operating in a market which is not growing. For example, the market for traditional beers in the U.K is not growing indeed there are signs that it may be declining. As the market is not increasing the size, brewers of traditional ales can only increase sales by taking market share from competitors.Market share is also important for McDonalds because that considerably from producing on a large scale. They use expensive equipment and the financial advantages of producing on a large scale are termed economies of scale. Where these economies exist, firm will attempt to take a greater share of the market. This allows them to sell their product at lower price, increasing their competitiveness.Task ThreeE very(prenominal) organisation will acquire to acquire, use and change factors of production in order to produce goods and result services. McDonalds has several structural areas that exist in the business t o help the business knock against its objectives and to provide goods and services as well. And each of which is supported by a particular administrative office. The administration of each function is based on its offices. There are many administrative offices each with a circumscribedist responsibility and function. The functional areas McDonalds has are as follow* pay* Production* benevolent resources* marketing* Research and becomement*1) Finance FunctionThe pay director George Mackay is trusty for finance department. The main activities of finance function are* To keep record of all business transactions, keeping of cost and revenues and setting target through budgeting.* To provide reading active services.* To explicate new product that satisfy customers expectations.* Quality self-confidence* turn in chain* Measure the financial performance of the business.* Increase market share so they can train profit and give money to their shareholders.* Control the finances and cash flow so the business rest solvent, i.e. does go bankrupt.* Take timely decisions by comparing the predicted performance with actual performance.This chart shows the structure of finance department.Finance DirectorFinance instruction servicesNew product developmentQuality assuranceSupply chainAccording to McDonalds finance director accurate financial culture allows them to achieve their most important goals to increase profits by expanding, sustained growth and charitable objectives. McDonalds not only invests much of its profit in extending its own business but also set asunder millions of dollars each year to fund charitable activities. Not only this, McDonalds also provides contrastive type of support to other organisations and schools.* McDonalds has invested considerable sums in restoring old buildings, often putting back architectural details that have been lost.* McDonalds supports the Groundwork Trust, an environmental urban regeneration programme.* McDonalds i s a major sponsor of international football.* McDonalds donates million of pounds towards community, educational and charity programme.* McDonalds also provides salary and benefits to its employees and reviewed on regular basis.As for most of the time McDonalds made consistently high profits somewhat $3,633 million and have grown successfully by reservation good profit and still mean to grow more further (according to the McDonalds book).2) Production FunctionThe function of the production department is to change inputs into outputs, which means produce goods and services are to be brought by the customers. McDonalds is committed to conserveing and developing the outperform pabulum products in the quick service restaurant market. And this is what production department is responsible for. In order to deliver on this, the company has made commitments to sustenance safety, food quality and to nutrition. Company carcasss and procedures must be unceasingly updated to visualize the highest types of hygienics and safety. both supply receives proper training in food safety. McDonalds food is made from the basic commodities red and white meat, fish, eggs, milk, grain and vegetables. All gross ingredients are produced to stern specifications and the highest possible standards and quality and safety.McDonalds highly ingenious workers work with suppliers to maintain and develop product quality. McDonalds recognises the magnificence of a balanced diet, lifestyle and health therefore provides hot, less fat and overbold food to their customers. McDonalds invest a lot of money in new technology. Thus, improving the quality food preparation and helps achieving companys aim of growth in the fast food market.* Controlling production methods and planning the scale of production* Controlling costs and on the job(p) efficiently* Meeting the specific ineluctably of customersMcDonalds is working hard to develop their products and provide their customers a variet y of differentiated products, which helps to meet another important objective satisfying customer commands because increasingly customers expect to buy the product that meet their exact demands. Developing efficient methods of production to reduce cost is helps to shuffling profit and growth because a fall in the cost of production resulting form an increase in the size of a business, which is called economy of scale in the language of business. When outputs rises, the cost of production per item-the unit cost-falls, and the business can reduce the price of its goods. With the lower price, it will get more customers and so benefit from the even lower unit costs. This will make it more competitive and can easily increase market share. McDonalds has raised standard through out the food wait oning industry.3) Human resourcesHuman resources department deals with staff recruitment, training and development. Human resources is a very important function for the business because it sele cts the workforce (the right people for right job), provides training and development of staff, which improve their skills, performance and relates to the aim of McDonalds, which is the best service for its customers. Efficiency helps a business run more smoothly, effectively and profitability. Efficiency begins with developing ways of working that are easy to understand and do not waste time or energy. Division of labour, in which each workers carries out a specific job, increase speed and the more people you serve each day the more profit you make so it helps to maximize profit as well as expand the business. McDonalds have their concern policies. McDonalds employs some of the best, most ambitious people on the job market. Whether they join as hourly paid staff or perplexity trainees through graduate or a high standard recruitment, they have the opportunity to develop a career, which can take them to the very top.Above all, McDonalds value people with a positive attitude towards customers, themselves and other employees, and strive towards delivering the highest standards of quality, service and cleanliness. The ability to understand and trace McDonalds customer-led shade is as worth as the more usual career entry requirements of GCSE and university degree.The company is an equal opportunity employer and 1992 set up an equal opportunities group to help foster a various work mall and highlight equal opportunities as an important part of the company s ethos. McDonalds commitment to equal opportunity extends beyond race, gender, ethnic origin, marital status, colour, nationality or disability, to compass people with very different backgrounds and experience.Whether university graduates and those without formal qualifications, first jobbers or those who have worked for decades, what binds employees is the knowledge that the opportunities are as great as an individualistics ambition and ability allow. And if employees are well-chosen with the opportunities they are getting form the company they work hard for the company and try to provide best service in the world. It is important to retain smart staff and staff who have become skilled through training. By recruiting quality staff who are committed to the business, thus reducing recruitment costs by not having to recruit too often. McDonalds also provide benefits with salary to its staff.Hourly paid staff benefits* Free meal allowance* paying(a) holidays (4 weeks per annum)* Free life assurance (value dependent upon service)* Private health care (for employees aged 19+with 3 years service)* Sponsorship Programme* Stock purchase scheme* Employees discount card* Service awards (at 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 years service)* Stakeholder pensionApart from good rates of pay, McDonalds try to provide good working conditions and incentives. This also helps McDonalds to meets its objective of expanding and providing best service to the community.4) tradeAccording to the research about McDonald s marketing is the whole process by which goods get from producers to buyers. More people work in Marketing than in production. Marketing involves marketing research, distribution, pricing and publicity. As last week McDonalds was offering 2 normal fries, hamburger, drink for only 2 and that offer was only for limited period.Marketing department deals with advertising, promotion and improving the image of the product and services to attract more customers. The fast food industry is in which many companies compete for customers. McDonalds provide a better product, give better value for money, provide a outstanding service, better at distributing and selling its good and services and making them known through advertising and publicity. There is no doubt that McDonalds do a lot of advertising and promotion activities. One of them is mentioned above. Recently McDonalds announced that Kay Napier, Procter & Gamble marketing veteran, vice President/General manger, has been hire as a seni or Vice President of marketing. McDonalds marketing director said, I am delighted to add this kind of marketing talent to our police squad at McDonalds. This is another step in elevating one of the worlds great brands to an even higher level of marketing strength and value.This will also help them to achieve their objective, which is growth. Customer can be attracted through good eye-catching advertizement, advertisement has this tremendous ability to shift consider curve to the right. As customer increase income rises which helps achieving companys aim of making profit so that they can cover their cost more easily. McDonalds also meets its objective which is satisfying customer need by knowing what customer want and how much they are willing to spend on their food. To achieve this objective marketing department employees special research team up for the test products do surveys with customers to taste new product and answer questionnaire about them. According to McDonalds inde mnity McDonalds will not work with any supplier who does not stay put to the standards required by UK and EU legislation regarding animal welfare, transportation, husbandry, recapitulation, and quality & hygiene. This policy helps McDonalds to meet its objective of Providing best food, pulsate competition and improve the company image.5) Research and developmentThe purpose of R & D is to enable business to compete successfully and achieve permanently sustainable competition over its competitors by becoming more efficient and/or profitable and giving customers added value.To achieve this McDonalds always and will continue to develop new products that satisfy customers expectations for great taste and great value. The companys new product and development team works with suppliers to expand the menu with new consequence and promotional food items. The team helps to ensure that all new food items meet McDonalds high quality and safety standards. As with the existing product range, M cDonalds solicits and carefully listens to customers view on any new or promotional products.* McDonalds offer more and more choices for breakfast by developing new products as more and more customers eat breakfast out rather than at home.* Changing existing productsMcDonalds uses conventional food chemicals or additives that add flavour and colour that helps to maintain freshness and make changing in existing products by listening to customers views.* Collecting entropy from worldwide researchMcDonalds has special research team to find out what customers want and how much they can spend.McDonalds also has restaurant development policy When McDonalds has local knowledge which is a key to choosing new locations, McDonalds on discussion with local managers who are intimately involved at roots level with their local communities. By keeping customers convenience McDonalds develop new restaurants. Company is committed to responsible and works closely with local planning and community groups when developing new restaurants. Every bullet point and education is written there helps McDonalds to achieve its objective of providing good service to the community by attracting more customers and making profit.There are advantages and disadvantages with every functional areas but each functional area helps McDonalds in one way or another to meet its objectives.Task FourThere are threesome types of management style and they are* Democratic* Autocratic* consultativeManagement style will describe the different ways that the managers treat their employees and also the way the in charge of the employees.Democratic management styleThis type of style involves empowerment. Individuals and team are disposed(p) responsibility to make decisions, usually with a given frame. The team is then responsible for the decisions that it makes. A manager with this style will feel comfortable allowing others t make decisions.Autocratic management styleThis style is where manager gives out instructions, telling people what to do rather than asking employees. The manager is the only person who contributes to decision making.Consultative management styleConsultative mangers are ones who seek to consult other to implement decisions. This type of style wants to draw on more sources of opinion than right her or himself.The purpose of management style is to remember where we started. Business exists to satisfy demand for particular goods and services and in order to do this they need resources the factor of production.Being the fast food company McDonalds exists to provide catering service to the community. Management is concerned with planning, controlling and co-ordinating the acquisition and use of these resources. In large concerns like McDonalds, managers run the business by victimisation people and education. The term managing comes from the Latin word for hand, as does the word manual. It originally meant handling things but did not originally kick in to people.M cDonalds Management is responsible for the preparation, integrity and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements and financial comments. The financial statement has been audited by independent auditors, Ernst & youth LLP, who was given unrestricted access to all financial records and associate data. The audit report of Ernst & Young LLP is presented herein. The Board of Directors, operating through its Audit Committee composed totally of independent Directors, provides oversight to the financial reporting process. Ernst & Young LLP has unrestricted access to the Audit Committee and on a regular basis meets with the Committee to discuss accounting, auditing and financial reporting matters.McDonalds has an autocratic management style. A manger takes inbuilt responsibility for decisions and, having set objectives and allocated tasks to employees, expect them to be carried out on the dot as specified. Employees are told exactly what, how and when work must be starte d and finished. It is the kind of management style associated with a corporate culture centred almost only on production. Power is focused at the top, and the centralised decision making is geared to getting the goods out of the company and to customers.The culture of a business can be widely affected by its attitudes, determine and beliefs. There are different types of culture McDonalds is very close to customer driven culture by keeping this culture in its mind McDonalds works and as it is described in the lead that McDonalds first priority is its customers. Attention is focused on improving all aspects of the production process down to the minutes detail for the customers benefits. Technological culture is focused as well. To improve its technology and develop new products they listen to its customers as well as to their staff. An autocratic style does have some advantages and advantages for McDonalds. damages are* Workers may want some flexibility, freedom, little run across workers therefore little teamwork, can be demotivating.* Disadvantage of having a hierarchical structure is that messages can get distorted or lost from one manager to the next.* There is also poor colloquy between the different functions.Advantages are* Need quick decisions, health and safety, clear and consistent approach helps employees* Advantages of the hierarchical structure are that every one knows whom they are responsible to and whom they are responsible for.* This can also shows where specialists are needed in their divisional groupsThe organisation structure McDonalds has is hierarchical structure, which you can see on next page. The benefits McDonalds gets are clear management structure, clear lines of responsibility and control and functions are clear and distinct. Of course where there are advantages there are disadvantages as well. The disadvantages McDonalds has are many layers of communication and many layers of authority and decision-making.The relationship betwe en structure, management style and cultureStructure Management style CultureHierarchical, many levels Autocratic Based on routine proceduresof management, e.g. in and job roles, decisions arelarge business like McDonalds centralised.Being a huge company McDonalds has an Operations Director (Peter Sullivan),Development Director (Peter Richards), Finance Director (George Director), Marketing Director (Matthew Howe), HR & Training Director (Carmel Flatley) and chairman and chief executive (Andrew Taylor) are the most important people in the company. Together with the other directors, they oversee the work of the companys five enormous departments Operational, technical, real estate, financial and marketing.There are also regional manager senior supervisor and superior supervisor, restaurant manager and assistant manager. The board of directors have senior jobs in the company, overseeing different divisions. These are the executive directors. The board also includes non executive direc tors, who do not work for the company. They help the board make decisions and flavour after the interests of the shareholders.McDonalds also have training and careers or its employers. McDonalds employs local people in their own community. It is an equal opportunity employer, and women and people from ethnic minorities are represented at all levels.Young people accepted for a position on McDonalds career programme can quickly climb the promotional ladder. Trainee managers go through a series of training courses at centres set up in their own community. They receive even more important on-the-job training at a McDonalds restaurant.McDonalds has an leave door policy, which allows staff access to managers from the chairman down. Everyone is welcome to make suggestions or complaints. McDonalds also holds a frequent meetings called rap sessions where staff can voice their complaints to someone from provide or air grievances to a member of management from another restaurant.McDonalds n ow has a bureaucracy senior staff is not even treated with the awe they command in some companies. crimson the chairman is approachable. The staff and the public have open access to him through the companys open door policy.There is a McDonalds management structure on next page.Task 5A description of the use of ICT for inner and external communications of the business.Businesses need to communicate with a range of individuals and other organisations including their customers, their suppliers, as well as their own employees. Every organisation will need to be able to communicate effectively with staff at all levels for it to function smoothly and efficiently. These are the reason why communication is important for a business or an organisation whether it is inner or external.The business I have chosen for this assignment is McDonalds. McDonalds also has internal and external communication to run its business effectively.McDonalds has an IT strategy. Information technology is import ant where it enables a business to achieve its goals. However cost is always important and evidence seems to show that IT is more expensive than firms realise. According to Management Consultants, support cost can be five times the amount estimated. This includes help from other staff and time dog-tired on security and back-up procedures.Other costs can include* Staff training* Introducing health and safety measures* The need to maintain efficient securityTwo recent trends in keeping down IT costs areDownsizing when we look at man resources management then downsizing means is fabrication off employees. However in IT it simply means using smaller systems, such as a mini-computer instead of a mainframe, or a PC instead of a mini. This is possible because hardware is becoming more powerful.The other recent trend is outsourcing.Outsourcing This again is a term used in human resources managementInternal and external communicationsInternal communication Internal communication is commun ication that takes place within the organisation. The three main ways of communicating information inside McDonalds are intranet, McNews and MDUK and towering levels.Methods of keeping In touch with staff* IntranetLaunched in the year 2000, McDonalds UK intranet provides a fast and modish source of information for McDonalds restaurant management and office staff. It is a single point of credit administrative requirements, news and marketing materials.* McNEWS AND MDUKMcNews was the award-winning magazine published bi-monthly for all restaurant staff. In 2002, McNews was re-launched as MDUK a lively people-focused magazine, it covers news, activities and events from restaurants around the country.* High levelsPublished bi-monthly for all management and office staff it is a showcase for best practice, recognising individuals outstanding practices and achievements, as well as highlighting internal and external awards.* An email system operates in all offices and company-owned resta urants.* Regular staff communication sessions are held in the offices.* Employee satisfaction surveys for both office and restaurant staff are held yearbookly.This is how McDonalds communicate with its staff.The purpose of internal communication is to communicate with its internal customers,which are employees to run business effectively and smoothly. Provide them information they need time to time.External communication External communication takes place between the organisation and the outside world. McDonalds needs to communicate with a range of stakeholders including shareholders, customers, government activity, suppliers and the community.Communicating with suppliers and customers* TelephoneThe most frequently used form of external verbal communication is telephone. McDonalds uses this form of external communication to contact with their suppliers. Apart from this McDonalds has answering machines to keep in touch with customers. Phone answering machines tape callers messages, which can be play back from a distance by calling the number and typing in a code.* Business letterMcDonalds has its address available on its every web settle for their customers and also to obtain your replica of the pack you can contact them by sending a letter.* WebsiteMost companies have an internet website including McDonalds. McDonalds uses this for all external communications purposes and for public relations activities. I also used McDonalds website to do research for my assignment.* FaxFax is a form of external communication. Fax machine is used to acquit and receive suppliers to communicate.The purpose of external communication is to communicate with its customers, suppliers and community. Provide them information about the business they want.BenefitsThe benefits of using internal communication are* The benefit of using intranet to business is that it provides a fast and up-to-minute source of information for McDonalds restaurant management and staff.* McNews magazine c overs news, activities and events from restaurant around the country.* E-mail system is faster and efficient. Information and reports are confidential. The same message can be sent immediately to many people.* Employee surveys helps to get employee views.The benefits of using external communication are* Telephone is fast and its great benefit is that it allows people who would find it tall(prenominal) to meet to converse. And a person who cant read or write can let loose over the phone to get information.* The use of business letter saves time for the person whom you are theme to and you can explain in detail. Not everyone has access to internet so if somebody who needs information about the organisation can write a letter to them.* Fax does the same thing its transmittance speed is fast and saves time. Again if somebody need information about the organisation can contact them through fax if has no access to internet.* Website provides a lot of information about the organisation and in detail with pictures and graphs make easier for you to understand. It saves time of both who wants information and the one who is giving. For example if you asking the manager of McDonald about the company but he hasnt got enough time to give you information in detail so when you have time you can go on to McDonalds website and look for the information you need in detail.In order to achieve business objectives McDonalds has created communication channels which all allows the company to communicate effectively both internally and externally. Due to successful communication when looking at the McDonalds UK financial profile form 1998 to 2001. One can cl too soon see a substation increase in profit during this period.By using effective communication McDonalds meets a range of organisational objectives which are crucial for the business such ads being a market leader, no 1 fast food retailer in the world which is due to the excellent reputation built throughout the year by mainta in strong relationships with customers, adapting to new environment investing in new technologies and continuously up-grading systems and improving staff training. All this reflected in McDonalds ability to maximise sales profit and revenues.ICT has an enormous impact on McDonalds business internally and externally. E-mails replaced the old fashioned methods of communication such as letters and phone calls. The company has a very sophisticated network database which replaced the traditional systems of filing, storing information. Computers are used every where in the business to replace a range of standard operations such as maintaining stock levels, organising deliveries, preparing invoices and recording payments etc.The use of the internet website enables McDonalds to reach any place in the world and is a very latest link with the global market for example every body can obtain the information from the website in a matter of minutes. The global net exchange enables McDonalds thro ugh electronic data interchange (EDI) system to arrange financials transfer dramatically reducing time, paper work and costs.Poor communication results in mistakes, anxiety, low morale, inadequate control and aggression. Not surprisingly there is concern to improve the quality of communications. First this means improving the communication skills of people within the organisation. Second, it means developing systems of communication.We can come out the skills required by individuals aso Patienceo Discretiono Understandingo Assertiveness where necessary.A clear explanation of how the production process and quality assurance / control system employed by the business help it to add value to its product or service.McDonalds production is a very important process in McDonalds business activities and it involveso Processingo Manufacturingo Assemblyo swap-based productionProcessingMost of the McDonalds products are created by treat which includes food and drinks. Processing involves tr eatment such as washing, cutting, salting, weighting, heating, grilling and frying etc. The raw materials such as meat, chicken, fish and vegetables etc are passed through a series of processes until the desire form product is produced for example chicken fillet is processed into chicken burgers, grilled and then assorted with salad cream.ManufacturingManufacturing involves making boxes, cups, sticks and different childrens toys which McDonalds has special facility to produce techniques include for example producing flexible toys from plastic granules called Polietilen which is put into a machine which is heated and under pressure different sees are made for toys. The same thing applies for the plastic cups for hot and soft drinks.AssemblyA typical assembly operation for example putting together big Mac and French fries with a cup of soft drink in a paper bag to serve the so-called big meal for 4.99. Another example for an assembly is when staff is in the workshop assemble kids to ys, which go together with the kids happy meal.Craft-based productionCraft based production involves making individual products by hand for example a birthday cake for McDonalds birthday parties where the parent can request a special shape and decoration for the childs birthday cake. So McDonalds takes individual offers for special cakes. Especially trained staff has the ability and skill to create imaginative and attractive design that suits the individual needs of customers. Craft production in McDonalds for example involves working with material such as icing, chocolate, cream, coco pulverization and baking powder.Quality assuranceMcDonalds is committed to maintaining and developing the best food products in the quick service restaurant market.In order to deliver on this, the company has made a number of other commitments to food safety, food quality and nutrition.McDonalds first is always the health and safety of customers. The company believes that the food safety standards re quired by law are only a minimum and the company continually seeks to go beyond this. Because of this belief, McDonalds has developed a food safety policy to help keep the focus of the companys absolute commitment to food safety and quality. All raw materials delivered to McDonalds restaurant must be consistently produced to the highest standards of hygiene and safety. Company systems and procedures must be continuously updated to ensure the highest standards of food hygiene for all customers at all time. All staff receives proper inspection and training in food and safety. The equipment used must be the appropriate for the needs of each restaurant, and must be carefully maintained and carefully calibrated.Following its launch in early 1998, McDonalds continues its programme of sponsoring research grants in food safety. The grants are particularly aimed at supporting the work of researchers in the early stage of their independent research careers, who are working in established UK- based departments and institutions. McDonalds is committed to help hot, fresh, great tasting, great value food to all customers, every time that they visit a restaurant.McDonalds food has made from the basic commodities red and white meat, fish, eggs, milk, grain and vegetables. All raw materials are produce to exacting specifications and the highest possible standards of quality and safety, The Company will not use any ingredients unless it is clear exactly where it has come from and that it compiles with all relevant regulations and McDonalds own high standards.Additives are only used to ensure that high quality standards are maintained. Additives are removed or replaced wherever possible, as long as this does not compromise food safety or quality. McDonalds has a highly trained team of quality assurance whose job includes verifying the companys supply chain through audits and site visit. These employees also work with suppliers to maintain and develop product quality and to ensu re that restaurants consistently serve hot, fresh food. Independent food safety auditors re also used to assess their key suppliers partners.In 1984 McDonalds became the first UK restaurant company to publish detailed nutritional information on all core menu items.McDonalds highest priority is for the safety of its customers. The company will not any product or ingredient that does not meet their high standards of quality and safety, or has not received the necessary approbation by the relevant UK authorities.McDonalds will not work with any supplier who does not adhere to the standard required by UK and EU legislation regarding animal welfare, transportation, husbandry, inspection, and quality & hygiene.McDonalds always and will continue to develop new products that satisfy customers expectations for great taste and great value.Around the country, thousands of people form a network of dedicated suppliers involved in the day-to-day operation of McDonalds business. The responsibilit y of serving more than 2.5 million customers each day makes quality a consistent goal. McDonalds work with principal suppliers across the UK from potato farmers in Lincolnshire and Norfolk to dairies in the south and midlands-to bring the customers the tasty products they expect from McDonalds. It is McDonalds policy worldwide to purchase supplies from local producers wherever possible, providing that they can meet exacting product and hygiene regulations, operate responsibly and humanely and are competitive.McDonalds strives to ensure quality from crop to counter. To that end, McDonalds requires the highest standards and specifications, not just product ingredients every detail of production, transport, delivery, preparation and service is also exhaustively monitored.McDonalds also recognises the importance of a balanced diet and lifestyle and continues quality new products, which satisfy customers expectations for taste and value.A focus on quality permeates every aspect of the business. McDonalds standards lead the industry, and will continue to work with government and health officials to investigate improvements.Quality controlQuality control in McDonalds involves all kinds of inspection system for checking the raw materials, the food processing, customer service and management. The company carries out different types of testing the raw materials as well as the ready made meal and drinks for example the cooking oil in which the French fries are cooked is changed twice a day. Each restaurant manger and supervisor inspects daily the premises, the safety of the equipment and the expiry date on stored product such as milk, cream etc and general hygiene on the premises including McDonalds car park and the neighbouring areas.In the company mission statement different policies are allocated such as health and safety, food hygiene, manual handling, customer service, litter control, recycling and environmental policy for example McDonalds is a member of the envi ronment council, the corporate responsibility group of primer watch Europe, the industry council for furtherance and the environment (INCPEN), and greeting the high street, a group of retailers who have come together to develop recycling in the high street. Another example is that McDonalds takes a huffy approach to its built environment, working closely with planning and conservation officers to preserve buildings of architectural merit and to improve the townscape.In many towns, McDonalds has invested considerable sums in restoring old buildings, often putting back architectural details that have been lost. York, Chester and Stratford-upon-Avon are prime examples. McDonalds has supported the tidy Britain Groups annual National clean activities. Since 1988 and support its campaign just Bin it. In addition to corporate funding, restaurant throughout the UK fix and support activities to clean up their local environment in conjunction with local youth groups.o McDonalds is one of the countrys leading sponsors of council litterbins.o All packaging carries the Tidy Britain Groups Tidy Man symbol.o Many McDonalds restaurant organise litter-related competitions with local schools and youth groups.o McDonalds was a founding sponsor of Going of Green, a nationwide awareness campaign for sustainable growth.In 1997 at the TIDY Britain Groups poove Mothers birthday Awards for environmental improvement, McDonalds received the top award, the Queen Mothers Birthday Trophy.o 100% recycled used for happy meal boxes, take apart bags, take away trays, napkins, kitchen rolls and toilets.o All McDonalds tray liners are made from 100% fully recyclable and biodegradable materials.o All McDonalds suppliers have to use minimum recycled content of 50% in their corrugated containers.o All McDonalds offices recycle waste paper and also use recycled paper.o The majority of McDonalds restaurants recycle their cardboard and used cooking oil.